Archive for the ‘Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy’ Category
December 17, 2011
Making sure your bankruptcy filing is complete
I have had situations where clients have filed for bankruptcy but have failed to complete the process. Failing to complete the process can be expensive. I will give you an example. There are 2 courses that you must take in order to receive a discharge in bankruptcy. The first course is a credit counseling course. Everyone must take this course in order to file for bankruptcy. The second course is a personal financial management course. You can only take this second course after you have filed for bankruptcy. If you fail to take this second course, the bankruptcy court will not give you a warning and they will dismiss your case. We try to remind our clients to take the second course immediately. However certain individuals tend to procrastinate or just merely forget. If you have failed to take this course, you’ll be required to pay $240 in addition to attorneys fees to reopen the case and file the personal financial management course certificate. These courses are fairly affordable. It ranges from $15 to $45. Whether you hire the Law Offices of Alon Darvish or another bankruptcy lawyer, please do yourself a favor and take these courses immediately.
Posted in Bankruptcy, Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy | No Comments »
February 13, 2011
How To Strip Your Second Mortgage From Your Home In Bankruptcy – Lien Stripping
The benefit for filing a Chapter 13 is that you may be able to strip your second mortgage. This is called a “lien strip” or “lien avoidance”. This can make a difference between being able to save your home or having it go through foreclosure. Lien Stripping does not necessarily mean your second mortgage is eliminated, but it is converted from a secured debt to an unsecured debt – and, it only occurs in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy. Once your Chapter 13 bankruptcy plan is completed (3 to 5 years), your second mortgage is eliminated much like your credit card debts. By changing its status to unsecured debt, it is treated the same as if it were to be a credit card or medical debt. The unsecured debt (including your second mortgage) will be discharged after your bankruptcy plan is complete, whereas your secured debt must be continued to be paid on (i.e., your first mortgage).
Example for Lien Stripping:
A home in California was purchased for $250,000. The debtor obtained a first mortgage for $200,000 (1st mortgage) secured by a deed of trust, and a 2nd mortgage of $50,000, also secured by a deed of trust. The value of the property has declined because of the economy and it is now only worth $180,000. Because the value of the property is now less then what the 1st mortgage is, the 2nd mortgage has no value, which then becomes unsecured.
In a Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, the owner may now have the second mortgage lien stripped off from the property. This means, it could be treated in the bankruptcy plan as ordinary unsecured debt.
How Lien Stripping Occurs:
During a foreclosure process, the property owner may declare bankruptcy (either a Chapter 7 or Chapter 13). However, in order for a Lien Strip to work, the debtor must file for Chapter 13. Filing bankruptcy freezes a foreclosure (also called an automatic stay). The bankruptcy court than reviews your case. In most Chapter 13 bankruptcies where the second mortgage has no equity, the court may rule the second mortgage as unsecured debt, which is called “lien stripping”.
This is What May Occur:
• The property owner purchases a home by obtaining a first and second mortgage.
• Due to the economy, the property value falls below what the debtor owes on the first mortgage.
• If there is insufficient equity left in the property to cover the second mortgage, the court may strip the second mortgage lien off the property. This means that the debt becomes unsecured debt.
• Filing for bankruptcy may stop a foreclosure from happening.
The process of lien stripping may occur during the bankruptcy process. This not only helps the debtor keep the home, but also eliminates some of the debt owed on the property.
A lien strip is not a typical occurrence in a bankruptcy. It requires extensive research and drafting of court documents. It should be performed by an experienced bankruptcy attorney. Hiring an attorney for this type of case is very important. You may need all the legal advice for this situation to help and ensure the process moves forward efficiently and successfully.
Tags: Assets, Bankruptcy Attorney, bankruptcy lawyers, Chapter 13, Foreclosure, Lein Stripping, mortgage, secured debt
Posted in Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney and Bankruptcy Lawyer, Uncategorized | No Comments »
Hiring a Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney
Hiring A Los Angeles Bankruptcy
Hiring a Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney is crucial to becoming debt free. Are you are considering filing for bankruptcy and are overwhelmed with financial stress caused by creditors , or, your bills are piling up and making you lose sleep over what your options are? California leads the nation in the amount of bankruptcies filed each year according to the AACER (Automated Access to Court Electronic Records.) Hiring a professional who has the tools to assist you in your rough times with highly trained individuals and compassion for what you are going through is an important step in the recovering process. Our team at the Law Offices of Alon Darvish can help you with making the right choices and steer you back into the path of financial stability. For some, the embarrassment of facing such challenges will result in the decision to go about doing it alone which is a mistake in the long run as such a big decision plays an important part in your future. The chances of making errors during the bankruptcy process can mean you not being awarded the discharge of your debts and can become another hassle in your life. Here are some examples of why hiring a qualified individual can make the process stress free and beneficial.
Knowledge of the Law
California attorneys are knowledgeable about the California Bankruptcy process and will know the laws that need to be applied for each case. New Laws under the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention & Consumer Prevention Act make it more difficult for individuals to file for bankruptcy by themselves. Bankruptcy laws vary depending on the state they reside in, therefore having a qualified Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney helps the process along. One of the advantages of having an attorney is that they understand your situation and can advise you on what is going on so you are not left in the dark during your troubling times.
Paperwork
The process to file for bankruptcy in Los Angeles is time consuming, as the amount of paperwork that needs to be completed is significant. Making sure the bankruptcy petition has a the correct information is crucial to your bankruptcy as it is the foundation of what needs to be done.
Los Angeles bankruptcy attorney can assist you with gathering all the proper information needed and they will help you file them accordingly.
Representation
Once you have hired a Los Angeles bankruptcy attorney, they will represent you during your case. Bankruptcy attorney will send out letters sent out to creditors that you have and they will help eliminate the phone calls and collections of property as they are required to contact the bankruptcy attorney, not you. Your Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney will accompany you to your creditors meeting which is a vital part of the process to file Chapter 7 bankruptcy . This meeting will determine which property can be taken and sold to repay the debts. Usually, bankruptcy trustee’s do not take property from the debtor because they are entitled to keep certain assets. However, in order to determine whether your assets are safe (i.e., your home, car, cash in the bank, etc…), you should speak to a knowledgeable Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney. The trustee will be asking questions which can be intimidating and with an attorney present, they can help you answer them so you avoid costly mistakes in the long run.
Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney
Tags: attorney, Bankruptcy, Bankruptcy Attorney, Bankruptcy Attorney In Los Angeles, bankruptcy attorneys, bankruptcy lawyers, bankruptcy petition, Chapter 13, Chapter 7, Creditors Meeting, discharge, file for bankruptcy, Lein Stripping, los angeles bankruptcy attorney, los angeles bankruptcy lawyer, petition
Posted in California Attorney, Chapter 7 Bankruptcy, Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, Code of Ethics, Law, Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney and Bankruptcy Lawyer | No Comments »
Bankruptcy Means Test – Do You Pass?
Tags: Bankruptcy, Bankruptcy Attorney In Los Angeles, bankruptcy attorneys, bankruptcy laws, Chapter 13, Chapter 7, Creditor, Debt, Debtor, discharge, file for bankruptcy, Income, Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorneys, Means Test, Presumption, secured debt, unsecured debt
Posted in Chapter 7 Bankruptcy, Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, Law, Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney and Bankruptcy Lawyer, Means Test | No Comments »
February 1, 2011
Bankruptcy Discharge!
A bankruptcy is defined as the legal process in which a person or firm declares inability to pay debts. Any available assets are liquidated and the proceeds are distributed to creditors. Upon a court declaration of bankruptcy, a person surrenders assets to a court-appointed trustee, and is relieved from the payment of previous debts. A bankruptcy discharge is an order given by the bankruptcy judge, at the conclusion of all legal steps in processing a bankrupt person’s assets and debts, which forgives those remaining debts which cannot be paid, with certain exceptions. Debts for fraudulent or illegal actions, alimony and child support and taxes are not dischargeable and remain owed.
The fair treatment of creditors and public policy both work to limit the extent of the discharge for debtors. The bankruptcy code was not designed so that debtors can take advantage of creditors for their own profit, and so various provisions of the bankruptcy code limit the debts that are discharged if they were incurred dishonestly or by fraud. This includes debts that were incurred on credit cards where the debtor entered false information on the credit application and also includes major debts for luxury goods that were incurred shortly before filing for bankruptcy. However, a creditor must challenge the discharge of these debts, and the court must notify the debtor and conduct a hearing; otherwise, the debts will be discharged.
There are debts that are discharged and others that are not allowed to be discharged. Most unsecured debts acquired by the debtor in good faith and if they cannot pay them off are allowed to be discharged under a regular Chapter 7 bankruptcy . Debts that are never discharged in a bankruptcy can include:
- Recent taxes
- Trust fund taxes
- Child or family support
- Criminal fine or restitution
- Accident claims involving intoxication
- Debts not scheduled
- Penalties payable to the government other than tax penalties
- Student loans
- Debts listed in prior bankruptcy where debtor was denied a discharge
- Taxes for years where return unfiled or filed for less than 2 years
Some of the listed debt may be discharged if the debtor can prove hardship to pay them back within a reasonable time frame.
Secured debt that is discharged is a little more difficult as the debtor might want to keep that asset such as a car, or home. The individual debtor can surrender the secured property, pay for it in a lump sum, or sign a Reaffirmation Agreement to keep it. In most cases, only prepetition debts are discharged. In an involuntary Chapter 7 case that is brought by a creditor rather than the debtor, discharged debts also includes debts incurred between when the case was filed and when the actual bankruptcy case commences, if the Chapter 7 bankruptcy is approved by the court.
An automatic stay is put once a bankruptcy process begins, this prohibits the collection of debts by the creditors. If the debtor receives the discharge of the debts, then the injunction succeeds the automatic stay and enjoins any further actions to collect the debts from the debtor. If a creditor violates the injunction and tries to collect the debts, then the courts may issue a civil contempt order. Generally, waivers of certain discharged debts are not enforceable except in specific circumstances. Waivers must be in writing and approved by the court. A reaffirmation agreement, for instance, must satisfy these and other requirements to be enforceable. A debtor may volunteer to pay a debt, but the creditor cannot harass or intimidate the debtor into doing so.
A Chapter 7 discharge is granted to an individual debtor if there have been no challenges, which is usually the case. Creditors have 60 days after the creditors meeting to challenge the discharge of its debt. If there are no challenges and if the debtor did not sign an reaffirmation agreement, then after about 3 months after the creditors meeting, the court sends the debtor the notice of the discharge. If the debtor signed a Reaffirmation Agreement and is not represented by an attorney, then the court requires the debtor to appear before it so that it can ascertain whether the debtor understands the Reaffirmation Agreement and that the debt will continue beyond bankruptcy. The debtor can either accept the agreement or cancel the agreement. Regardless, the discharge is granted at this hearing.
A Chapter 7 discharge relieves the debtor of the liability of most prepetition debts and some post petition debts, such as the claims resulting from the rejection of executory contracts or the avoidance of a transfer.
Tags: Assets, attorney, automatic stay, Bankruptcy, Bankruptcy Attorney, Bankruptcy Attorney In Los Angeles, bankruptcy laws, bankruptcy petition, Chapter 7, Child Support, Debt, Debts, discharge, Fines, IRS, Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorneys, Student Loans, Taxes, unsecured debt
Posted in California Attorney, Chapter 7 Bankruptcy, Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, Creditors, Creditors Meeting, Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney and Bankruptcy Lawyer, Secured and Unsecured Debt | No Comments »
December 4, 2010
Changes on Bankruptcy Laws – Filing Chapter 7 Bankruptcy or Chapter 13 Bankruptcy
The new changes to the bankruptcy law was enacted in 2005 by Congress and the Senate. The reason they have changed the law is to allow people who can make some payments to creditors not be able to file a Chapter 7 bankruptcy which would eliminate all the debt. It means that those who receive a higher income have to file a Chapter 13 bankruptcy . All debtors now also have some new guidelines to follow regarding the bankruptcy process which is another reason why hiring a Bankruptcy Attorney in Los Angeles is still the best way to go. Changes include a Means Test to verify which chapter they should file, as well as counseling has to be taken before and after filing on budgeting and debt management before the California Bankruptcy Courts will allow their Bankruptcy to be complete.
Means Test
The means test was invented to figure out whether you have enough disposable income allowing to either have to file a Chapter 7 (a complete liquidation) or Chapter 13 (repayment plan) Bankruptcy. It subtracts certain allowed expenses and required debt payments, to see if you can make payments on a Chapter 13 plan. To find out whether you pass the means test, you subtract certain allowed expenses and debt payments from your current monthly income. If the income that’s left over after these calculations is below a certain amount, you can file for Chapter 7 . This test is specific to the State that you live in using the Median Household Income. In California the median is $47,234 for a single person household and increases with the number of dependents and income of the household.
Counseling
Before you can file for bankruptcy under either Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy , you must complete credit counseling with an agency approved by the United States Trustee’s office. This is easily done online and helps the debtor learn about what is going on in the process to help avoid future pitfalls. Local attorneys can assist one with the proper tools to go about the counseling. This step is required to determine as well which type of bankruptcy you have to file. At the end of filing the bankruptcy you are required to take a personal financial management course before the California Bankruptcy Court can discharge your debts.
In order to thoroughly work out your eligibility, meeting with a bankruptcy lawyer from the Law Office of Alon Darvish is essential to beginning financial freedom and have the dedicated viewpoint you will need when confronting your financial circumstances. Our office cares about you and ultimately wants to have your debt situation handled and see you moving forward in life with a better financial outlook.
Tags: Bankruptcy, Bankruptcy Attorney, Bankruptcy Attorney In Los Angeles, bankruptcy attorneys, bankruptcy laws, Chapter 13, Chapter 7, consumer
Posted in Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney and Bankruptcy Lawyer, Means Test, Uncategorized | No Comments »
August 20, 2010
Bank Levy – You Can Get Your Money Back By Filing For Bankruptcy
Bank Levy – You Can Get Your Money Back By Filing For Bankruptcy
Santos is a student in Los Angeles who has been out of work for nearly a year. Last year both of his cars were repossessed in addition to a boat. The cars that were repossessed were financed and Santos thought he no longer had to worry about that debt. Just recently he has learned that the finance company he used to buy the cars now has a levy on his bank account. Since Santos is out of work, his wife Rose is the only one with any income. As they were already struggling with bills, the bank levy has resulted in thousands in overdraft fees.
Santos first considered debt consolidation. After searching online he found a debt consolidation company in Los Angeles that guaranteed he would be debt free in no time. Debt consolidation is not for everyone, since the amount owed is reduced and payments are made by a 3rd party, this negatively impacts your credit score sometimes to the point where it is seen by creditors as the same as bankruptcy. Therefore you get all of the burden of bankruptcy without the benefit of no longer paying the unsecured debt. In addition, you should be aware that there are many debt consolidation companies that are illegitimate and want to scam you. Unlike bankruptcy attorneys, to become a debt consolidation company there is no requirement for certification or training, which puts few barriers to crooks setting up a debt consolidation company. Even if the debt consolidation went smoothly there may be unforeseen future events that may force you to eventually declare bankruptcy anyway, but only after you’ve spent thousands paying the debt consolidation service fees and unsecured debts that could have been discharged earlier. To compound the problem, any debt that is forgiven by the lender will be considered income on your tax return that you will have to pay taxes on, while in bankruptcy debts discharged are not treated as income.
He then came to his senses and found a bankruptcy attorney in Los Angeles. Their expenses were already exceeding their income so they were eligible for a chapter 7 bankruptcy. Filing for bankruptcy allows you to recover any funds taken from you through bank levies or wage garnishments up to 10 days before filing. Therefore in these situations it is in your best interest to file quickly. Since Santos and Rose filed quickly, they were not only able to discharge there credit card debts and overdraft penalties they could also recover the funds that were taken from their account through the bank levy.
Tags: Assets, bank, bank levy, Bankruptcy, Bankruptcy Attorney, Bankruptcy Attorney In Los Angeles, bankruptcy laws, collection agencies, debt consolidation, debt settlement, discharge, file for bankruptcy, Los Angeles, los angeles bankruptcy attorney, repossessions, unsecured debt, wage garnishments
Posted in California Attorney, Chapter 7 Bankruptcy, Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, Creditors, Law, Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney and Bankruptcy Lawyer, Uncategorized | No Comments »
July 9, 2010
Chapter 7 Bankruptcy – Case Example
Susan runs a dance studio in Los Angeles but due to the recent economic decline she has had far fewer clients. Susan could no longer afford to pay for her expenses and her credit card bills are piling up. While most of the debt was in the name of her dance studio, which is a corporation, they were personally secured by her. Therefore, if she had the corporation file for bankruptcy she would still be responsible for the debt. Susan has reached her breaking point as there is only 1 week until her house is put up for sale by her lender. Susan found a Bankruptcy attorney in Los Angeles near her studio.
Generally, filing for bankruptcy stops all of your creditors from collecting even before the bankruptcy is granted. Once a bankruptcy petition is filed, any garnishment of wages, levies on bank accounts and lawsuits stop. Even if a bankruptcy is filed 1 minute before the sale of your home and it is sold anyway, the transaction can be reversed and you will continue to own your home. However the best course of action is to avoid this hassle and contact a bankruptcy attorney before this happens.
Creditors take notice once there is a stay and may be more willing to negotiate. This may be helpful on secured debts such as a mortgage but not as much with unsecured debts like credit cards. Negotiating with credit card bills may be a trap for the unprepared, as the reduction in the amount you owe turns into income you must pay taxes on. In addition, you may find that not all of your creditors will be willing to negotiate and you will in the end still file for bankruptcy but only after paying more money to creditors than you would have otherwise.
A chapter 7 bankruptcy allows all of your unsecured debts like credit cards to be discharged. A chapter 13 allows you to keep more of your property (i.e., home in foreclosure, automobile, etc…) and puts the debts on a 3-5 year payment plan based on the amount of excess income after paying expenses, but the amount of unsecured debt cannot exceed 300,000.
Susan’s attorney felt that a chapter 7 bankruptcy was the right choice because although the mortgage on her home in Los Angeles was upside down her unsecured debt was too high for a chapter 13 and her current income did not exceed her expenses. Susan’s attorney helped her through the process of a chapter 7 bankruptcy.
Susan now had a fresh start and was able to keep living in her home and running her dance studio. While many believe bankruptcy eliminates any future ability to get credit Susan was able to get new credit cards shortly after receiving her discharge
Bankruptcy Attorney in Los Angeles | Bankruptcy Attorneys in Los Angeles
Bankruptcy Lawyer in Los Angeles | Bankruptcy Lawyers in Los Angeles
Tags: Bankruptcy, Bankruptcy Attorney, Bankruptcy Attorney In Los Angeles, bankruptcy attorneys, Chapter 13, Chapter 7, Credit Card, Debt, los angeles bankruptcy attorney
Posted in Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney and Bankruptcy Lawyer, Uncategorized | No Comments »
July 4, 2010
Chapter 7 Bankruptcy versus Chapter 13 Bankruptcy – Client Example
Rita Geraldo is a single mother with 3 children who lives in a small home in Los Angeles. Rita works as a dental assistant in Beverly Hills but could just make her payments and was nearly drowning in debt. However after a change in the interest rates on her adjustable rate mortgage these payments have doubled and reluctantly she cannot afford to pay her credit card bills. Missed payments have caused the interest rates on her credit cards to skyrocket in only a few months and this is on top of the penalty fees for failing to pay. As her debt grew even larger her credit card companies turned over Rita’s accounts to various debt collection agencies. Before only the fear of debt was keeping her up at night but now the collection agencies are making her phone ring off the hook with threats of lawsuits, garnishments of wages, and levying of bank accounts. Rita knew it was now time to take charge of her debt problems.
Rita had heard of bankruptcy before but was embarrassed and was not sure where to start. Rita found an attorney in Los Angeles near the office where she worked and he walked her through the process of filing for bankruptcy. Most individuals will either file for a Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy. Filing for a chapter 7 would allow her to eliminate all of her unsecured debt such as credit card bills and doctors bills. While filing a chapter 13 puts all of your debt both secured and unsecured on a 3 to 5 year payment plan based on your excess income. In certain circumstances, a Chapter 13 bankruptcy can be used to get rid of a second mortgage entirely. A chapter 7 will only allow you to keep exempt assets which for most will be every asset you own. A Chapter 13 bankruptcywill allow you to keep both exempt and nonexempt property but takes more time and is more complex.
Rita really wanted to keep her home and even if her credit card bills were eliminated she could not afford her 2 mortgages so she decided to file for a Chapter 13 bankruptcy. Filing a Chapter 13 bankruptcycreates the opportunity for a lein strip. A lein strip allows a second mortgage which is generally classified as secured debt to be reclassified as unsecured debt like her credit card bills.
She then told the attorney of all her debts, creditors and collection agencies. After starting the process with the attorney Rita had to take a short Debt Management course online. At the attorney’s Los Angeles office, they took care of the mountains of paperwork involved in the process.
The process still had a few steps left as Rita had to take part in a meeting with the bankruptcy trustee. At the meeting she had to answer questions from the trustee which she answered honestly. The meeting with the trustee includes you, your bankruptcy attorney and your creditors. Most of the time the creditors don’t show up. After it was determined that she was not hiding any assets a payment plan was established using the excess income she had after paying her expenses. This calculation excludes any payments to unsecured debt as expenses (i.e., credit card debt). The payment plan goes to a confirmation where a judge decides if the payment plan is satisfactory. Now as a part of the payment plan she only needs to pay her excess funds over the next 5 years while the rest of her debt is eliminated.
Rita is now living comfortably and can afford to pay her mortgage and all her other bills without living in fear of harassment from debt collection agencies.
To learn more about bankruptcy, feel free to contact Mr. Darvish at (310)205-5529. He is truly an attorney that cares and places great effort in making sure his clients understand the process thoroughly.
Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney | Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorneys
Los Angeles Bankruptcy Lawyer | Los Angeles Bankruptcy Lawyers
Tags: attorney, Bankruptcy, Bankruptcy Attorney, bankruptcy attorneys, Chapter 13, Chapter 7, collection agencies, Credit Card, Creditors, Debt, los angeles bankruptcy lawyer, mortgage, secured debt, unsecured debt
Posted in Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, Creditors, Los Angeles Bankruptcy Attorney and Bankruptcy Lawyer, Secured and Unsecured Debt | No Comments »
May 10, 2010
WILL I EVER GET CREDIT AGAIN?
WILL I EVER GET CREDIT AGAIN AFTER BANKRUPTCY?
Yes! A number of banks now offer “secured” credit cards where a debtor puts up a certain amount of money (as little as $200) in an account at the bank to guarantee payment. Usually the credit limit is equal to the security given and is increased as the debtor proves his or her ability to pay the debt.
Two years after a discharge, debtors are eligible for mortgage loans on terms as good as those of others, with the same financial profile who have not filed Chapter 7. The size of your down payment and the stability of your income will be much more important than the fact you filed Chapter 7 Bankruptcy in the past.
The fact you filed a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy or Chapter 13 bankruptcy stays on your credit report for 10 years. It becomes less significant the further in the past the filing is. The truth is that you are probably a better credit risk after bankruptcy than before. To learn more about how bankruptcy affects your credit and ways you can repair it after filing for bankruptcy, feel free to contact a Los Angeles bankruptcy attorney at the Law Offices of Alon Darvish.
Tags: Bankruptcy, Bankruptcy Attorney, Chapter 7, Credit, los angeles bankruptcy lawyer
Posted in California Attorney, Chapter 7 Bankruptcy / Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, Credit, Credit Cards | No Comments »



